Breast lumps that are benign, or non-cancerous, are quite widespread, particularly among women. Certain benign breast conditions, such as fibrocystic changes and breast cysts, don't elevate the likelihood of breast cancer. However, others, like lobular or ductal hyperplasia, can marginally enhance the risk. Discovering a lump can be alarming, but the good news is that most breast lumps are benign. Here's a look at the most frequent causes:
Changes in Breast Tissue
Women in the premenopausal stage often experience changes in breast tissue, also known as fibrocystic changes. These changes can involve tissue thickening or the formation of fluid-filled cysts in the breasts. These changes may manifest as firm or rubbery lumps in one or both breasts, often accompanied by tenderness and nipple discharge.
Breast Cysts
Breast cysts are benign tumors that can feel soft or hard, oval or round, movable and tender, and can occur in one or both breasts. They happen when milk glands in the breasts fill with fluid. Their size can vary and they may form clusters.
Women aged between 35 and 50 who are premenopausal or postmenopausal and receiving hormone therapy have a heightened risk of developing breast cysts.
Pregnancy
During pregnancy and breastfeeding, your breasts undergo changes, which may result in hard, red, and tender lumps on one or both breasts due to clogged milk ducts. Even though these lumps are usually benign, it's crucial to inform your doctor immediately.
Lipoma
Lipomas, fat lumps that can develop in breasts and other soft tissues, are common among middle-aged women. Factors such as genetics, injuries, and the rare condition Madelung's disease can predispose you to lipomas.
Breast Injury or Trauma
Breast trauma can also lead to lump formation. Actions such as a blow to the breast, using breast pumps, undergoing surgery, or wearing tight clothing can all elevate your risk of developing lumps. These lumps are unlikely to turn into breast cancer.
Breast Infection
Infections in the breast can lead to benign breast tumors. This is especially common among breastfeeding women when bacteria invade the fatty tissues of the breast, causing swelling and tenderness.
Scar Tissue
Scar tissue can develop following radiation therapy and surgery, particularly when breast tissue is removed, like during a biopsy. This scar tissue may develop into lumps and cause pain if they form around nerves.
Hormone Fluctuations
Hormone level changes can cause breast lumps. These fluctuations occur before and during your menstrual cycle, as well as when approaching menopause. These lumps typically disappear over time.
Medication
Birth control pills can lead to benign breast tumors as a side effect. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT), often used by women in their 50s and 60s to alleviate menopausal symptoms, can also increase the risk of benign breast tumors.
In conclusion, while most breast lumps pose no threat, it's critical to consult your doctor as soon as you notice them. Only a medical professional can confirm whether the lumps are benign or potentially serious. Some breast lumps may not require treatment; however, if they do, your doctor can create the most suitable treatment plan for you.
